Total prison population: 2.02m prisoners 

Crime trend: Down 18% in 1997–2001

CRIME RATES

Violent crime – especially murder – is much more common than in other developed countries, even in relatively well-off areas. However, the murder rate has fallen, and by 2001 was at its lowest for over 30 years. Mass shootings have made gun control a major issue, but a powerful lobby opposes restrictions, basing its arguments on the constitution and the defense of individual liberties.

Imprisonment for narcotics crimes in the US is much more widespread than in most Western countries. Capital punishment has increased since the 1980s, especially in the south. Texas carries out most executions. There are around two million people in prison in the US, almost a quarter of the world total.

From "The Financial Times World Desk Reference" © Dorling Kindersley 2004